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1 Kings Solomon Jeroboam. Rehoboam. Elijah. Elisha. Jezebel Solomon Honors David’s last request (Kill Joab and Shimei, I Kings 1:5-9 Joab is murdered 2 Kings 2:31 Shimei is murdered 2 Kings 2:46 Sets up a throne for his mother next to his, offers to give her anything she requests Who: a. The name Solomon means, "peaceable" 1. yet his first recorded acts as king was to execute Adonijah, Joab, and Shimei b. Soon after his birth Solomon was given the name Jedidiah—which means, "beloved of the Lord" c. He was the third king of Israel the tenth son of David. i. His mother was Bathsheba (see notes in 1 Samuel) What: a. Solomon was born and was named by God through the prophet Nathan (2 Samuel 12:24-25). b. Nathan and Bathsheba warn David concerning Adonijah's desire to rule after his father David. i. They knew that Solomon was suppose to rule ii. and that David had not officially declared that Solomon would reign (1 Kings 1:12-31) c. Solomon was declared and annointed as king in Israel (1 Kings 1:34-37) d. Solomon is given a blank check from God and requests one thing: wisdom (1Kings 3:4-15). e. Solomon called upon to decide in a matter requiring great wisdom (1 Kings 3:16-28) f. Solomon began to construct the temple with the help of Hiram and the Gebalites.(1 Kings 5-7). g. Solomon turned to idols (1 Kings 11:1-12). h. The division of Israel is prophesied due to Solomon's turning from God (1Kings 11:29-39). Where: a. Over 300 times mentioned in the Old Testament, i. Nine times in the New Testament. b. Solomon is born 2 Samuel 12:24 c. Solomon renamed Jedidiah 2 Samuel 12:25 d. Solomon annointed and appointed king 1 Kings 1:12-37 e. Solomon asks for wisdom 1 Kings 3:4-15 f. Solomon proves his wisdom with a baby 1 Kings 3:16-27 g. Solomon proves his wisdom with Sheba 1 Kings 10:1-14 h. Solomon calls for workers and constructs the temple 1 Kings 5-7 i. Solomon turns from God 1 Kings 11:1-11 j. Solomon dies 1 Kings 11:43 When: a. Solomon reigned in Israel forty years (1 King 11:42). These were years following his father's reign so he reigned approximately 970-930 B.C. Why: a. He for a time was the wisest of all men. b. He ruled Israel well. c. We also learn that even the wisest of men will turn from God when they pursue the works of flesh (Galatians 5:19-21).
Jeroboam Who: a. The name Jeroboam means, "may the people increase" b. Jeroboam is the son of Nebat an Ephraimite (1 Kings 11:26). c. He was a servant of Solomon a mighty man of valor and responsibility (1 Kings 11:28) What: a. We are first introduced to Jeroboam as one who was rebelling against Solomon (1 Kings 11:26). i. We are told that his rebellion was based on a prophecy spoken by God through the prophet Ahijah (1 Kings 11:29-38). b. Jeroboam fled Canaan and spent time in Egypt waiting for Solomon to die (1Kings 11:40) c. Jeroboam hears of Solomon's death (1 Kings 12:2) and returns to Canaan i. where the Israelites make him King (1 Kings 12:20) d. Jeroboams fearful of losing his people turns to idolatry (1 Kings 12:25-33) e. Jeroboam was prophesied against (1 Kings 13:2-3) f. Jeroboam's wife receives an additional prophecy from Ahijah (1 Kings 12:16) 1. The first part of the prophecy quickly come to truth (1 Kings 14:17-18) g. The rest of Ahijah's prophecy came to truth (1 King 15:28-30) h. Jeroboam reigned twenty-two years and passed from this life (1 Kings 14:20) Where: a. Jeroboam the valiant
man and servant of Solomon turns rebel 1 Kings 11:26-28, c. Jeroboam returns and is made king in Israel 1 Kings 12:20 d. Jeroboam turns Israel to idols 1 Kings 12: 26-33 e. Jeroboam receives a prophecy that Josiah will destroy his idolatrous worship 1 Kings 13:2-3 f. Jeroboam's wife receives a prophecy from Ahijah 1 Kings 14:7-16 g. Jeroboam's family is destroyed 1 Kings 15:29 h. The sins of Jeroboam are referred to 2 Kings 3:33-13:11 When: a. We know Jeroboam reigned 22 years. b. It has been suggested that those years fell in the bracket of 922-901 B.C. Why: a. We really learn not to do as Jeroboam did. b. He was blessed with opportunity and promise and he squandered both through idolatry.
Rehoboam: Who: a. The name Rehoboam means, "the family is extended" b. Rehoboam is the son of Solomon What: a. Rehoboam is made Kings after Solomon his father (1 Kings 11:43) b. Rehoboam's desire to listen to foolish counsel drives the people of Israel away (1 Kings 12: 6-16). c. The people would not stand for Rehoboam's tyrannical rule i. They
would not accept him as their king (1 Kings 12:17) Where: a. Rehoboam assumed the throne of His Father 1 Kings 11:43 b. Rehoboam listen to foolish counsel 1 Kings 12: 6-16 c. Rehoboam's kingdom drastically reduced 1 Kings 12:17 d. Judah turns to idols 1 Kings 14:21-24 e. Rehoboam allows the Lord's treasury to be pillaged 1 Kings 14:25-28 f. Rehoboam passes away 1 Kings 14:29-30 g. Rehoboam's rule described in 1 Chronicles 1 Chron. 9:31-12:16 When: a. We know that Rehoboam was 41 years of age when he took the throne, reigned 17 years (1 Kings 14:21). b. Though the dates for these 17 years are impossible to pin point i. it is been assumed they were 937-920 Why: a. Again we learn not to follow Rehoboam's example. He was given opportunity and he squandered it. Elijah Who: a. The name Elijah means, "Jehovah is my God" b. Perhaps one of the most recognized prophets of God. i. Elijah is known for his strength and character. ii. It is his reputation to which John the baptizer is compared (Mal. 4:5; Matt. 11:14). c. He was God's mouthpiece in the Northern Kingdom during the reign of Ahab and Ahaziah.
What: a. Elijah first appears with words of a curse upon the land 1 Kings 17:1-7 b. Sent to stay with a widow of Zarephath 1 Kings 17:8-16 c. Elijah raises the widow's son from the dead 1 Kings 17:17-24 d. Elijah challenges the prophets of Baal 1 Kings 18:16-40 e. Elijah lifts the curse after the prophets of Baal are destroyed 1 Kings 18:41-45 f. Elijah instructed to anoint Elisha as his replacement 1 Kings 19:15-21 g. Elijah is taken away by God 2 Kings 2:1-11 Where: a. His work among the people 1 Kings 17-2 Kings 2:11 When: a. We know the Elijah first appeared on the scene when Ahab was king in Israel. i. Ahab's rule began approximately 870 B.C. and ended around 850 B.C. Why: a. Elijah is one of the more famous prophets. i. His character and strength are legendary, b. He is also interesting because he never died in this earth.
Elisha: Who: a. The name Elisha means, "God is salvation" b. He was Elijah's replacement. i. A prophet of God in Israel. What: a. Elisha is chosen to replace Elijah 1 Kings 19:16-21 b. Elisha began his work with healing the water 2 Kings 2:19-22 c. Elisha curses some wayward youths 2 Kings 2:23-25 d. Elisha provides for a needy widow 2 Kings 4:1-7 e. Elisha is given a place to stay while traveling 2 Kings 4: 8-17 f. Elisha raises a child from the dead 2 Kings 4:18-37 g. Elisha instructs Naaman 2 Kings 5:9-14 h. Elisha causes an iron ax head to float 2 Kings :1-7 i. Elisha falls sick and dies 2 King 13:20-21 j. The Lord uses Elisha's bones to heal 2 Kings 12:21 Where: a. Elisha is first introduced in 1 Kings 19 and we can follow his life through to his death in 2 Kings 13 When: a. Elisha was a prophet while Ahaziah was king as well as Joram and until Jehoahaz i. Approximately 850-823 B.C. Why: a. Elisha was a prophet of God. i. He trust in God and recognized Him from his youth.
Jezebel Who: a. The name Jezebel actually means, "chaste" i. Quite opposite of her actual character, b. Jezebel was the Canaanite wife of Ahab king of Israel., c. She is known in infamy as the most evil of women. What: a. Jezebel is first introduced as a Canaanite who was taken as a wife by Ahab (1 Kings 16:29-33). b. The slaughter of God's prophets was attributed to Jezebel (1 Kings 18:4, 13) i. In order to secure pagan control over the people she order the prophets of God be destroyed. c. Jezebel threatens Elijah's life and he flees to hide and pray (1 Kings 19:1-18) d. Jezebel arranges the death of Naboth (1 Kings 21:1-16). e. Elijah delivers a prophecy against Ahab, his wife Jezebel, and his house (1 Kings 21:17-26) f. Jezebel is killed and eaten by dogs (2 Kings 9:30-37) Where: a. Here life as the wife of Ahab is recorded from 1 Kings 16:29-2 Kings 9:37) b. This particular Jezebel is not mentioned anywhere other than these two books of Kings. When: a. Ahab was King of Israel from 873 B.C to 851 B.C. i. The way that 1 Kings 16:31 reads, Ahab's becoming king and marrying Jezebel were closely linked. Why: a. It is her infamy that is her legacy. i. From Jezebel we learn that idolatry is not the truth, ii. We learn that no one is beyond the reach of God's judgment, however powerful they think they are
2 Kings
Josiah Who: a. The name Josiah means, "May the Lord support or heal" b. Josiah was the King of Judah the son of Amon. What: a. The actions of Josiah's life were prophesied 1 Kings 13:1-5 b. Josiah is made king in Judah 2 Kings 21:19-26 c. Josiah was a righteous king 2 Kings 22:1-2 d. Josiah discovers the book of the Law 2 Kings 22:3-20 e. Josiah reads the law before the people 2 Kings 23:1-2 f. Josiah cleanses the temple and the country 2 Kings 23:3-20 g. Josiah is killed in Battle at Megiddo 2 Kings 23:28-20 Where: a. The first mention is 1 King 13 then his reign as king in Judah is found in 2 Kings 21-23 b. You can also read about Josiah's reign in 2 Chronicles 33-35 c. Josiah is mentioned by Jeremiah the prophet in Jeremiah 1:2, 22:11, 22:18, 25:1-3,36:2. When: a. Josiah reigned in Judah from 640 B.C. to 609 B.C. when he was killed in battle. i. The NKJV renders his age as eight when he assumes the throne. This would put his birth at 648 B.C. Why: a. Josiah feared God from his early days and turned the people back to God during his reign.
Naaman Who: a. The name Naaman means, "pleasantness" a. He was a commander in the army of Syria What: a. Naaman is sent to Israel to seek healing 2 Kings 5:1-7 b. Naaman is called to the prophets house 2 Kings 5:8-10 c. Naaman become enraged over the words of Elisha 2 Kings 5:11-12 d. Naaman's wise servant speaks to Naaman 2 Kings 5:13 e. Naaman listens and does what the Prophet said 2 Kings 5:14 f. Naaman returns to Elisha healed and offers a gift 2 Kings 5:15-19 g. Gehazi—Elisha's servant greedily seeks a gift 2 Kings 5:20-27 Where: a. Naaman the commander of the Syrian army is only found in 2 Kings 5. i. And one other time in Luke 4:27. When: a. Some time between 850-823 B.C. during Elisha work among the people. Why: a. Naaman is a picture of a convert. One who swallows his pride and humbles himself before God. i. He was a prominent man who willingly became a servant—of God. Hezekiah Who: a. The name Hezekiah means, "Jehovah is strengthened" b. Hezekiah was the son of Ahaz What: a. Hezekiah
cleansing the land 2 Kings 18:1-8 Where: a. In 2 Kings 18:1-20:21 b. In 2 Chronicles 29:1-32:33 c. In Isaiah 36:1-39:8 When: a. Hezekiah reigned as King of Judah 716 to 687 B.C. b. He was a contemporary of Isaiah the prophet. Why: a. Unlike many of his predecessors Hezekiah did right in God's sight, i. He trusted in God and prayed with faith to God.
Cyrus: Who: a. The son of Cambyses I a Persian King and a Mede mother, b. His is rightfully known as Cyrus II—the Great. What: a. Cyrus was given his father's throne he succeeded in binding together the two kingdoms of his parents forming the Medo-Persians. i. With their new found strength the conquered Babylon and ruled the major part of the world until the time of Alexander 331 B.C. b. Cyrus fulfilled the prophecies concerning him made some 150 years before he was born. i. From Isaiah 44:28 and Isaiah 45:1-1-3 c. He proclaimed that the Israelites should return to Canaan and the temple should be rebuilt (Ezra 1: 1-11) d. During his reign 50,000 Israelites returned to Canaan from Babylon (Ezra 2) Where: a. Prophecies concerning Cyrus in Isaiah 44:28, 45:1-3 b. Cyrus in Ezra writing in the Chronicles 2 Chronicles 36:22-23 c. In more detail Ezra 1, 4:1-5, 5:17, 6:3 d. Cyrus is also mentioned in Daniel Daniel 1:21, 6:28, 10:1 When: a. Cyrus ruled as King of Persia from 559 to 530 B.C. Why: a. Through the record to Cyrus we see God using him in a providential plan to return the remnant to Israel. i. Although history record Cyrus as anything but a follower of God he was used and did fulfill God's will.
Ezra:
Who: a. The name's meaning is uncertain. b. Ezra was a direct descendant of the tribe of Levi and was therefore a priest. i. His Father Seraiah is mentioned in a genealogy running back to Levi in 1Chronicles 6. ii. Ezra was a direct descendant of Aaron. What: a. He lived in Babylon during the oppression of his people Ezra 7:6 b. Ezra was a noted scribe of the law Ezra 7:6 c. He lead the second group from Babylon to Jerusalem Ezra 7: 6-9 d. His goal was to teach the law and return to it Ezra 7:10 e. Ezra carried treasures to the temple that had been taken Ezra 8:24-34 e. Ezra taught against marriages with the other nations Ezra 9 f. Ezra instructed the people (reading and explaining the law) Nehemiah 8:1-8 Where: a. Both the Chronicles and Ezra are attributed to Ezra's inspired pen. i. He, however, is not mentioned until the chapter seven of the book of Ezra. ii. We can read about Ezra from Ezra 7 through Nehemiah 12. When: a. It has been suggested that the Artaxerxes whom Ezra was under was Artaxerxes I . This being the case Ezra returned to Jerusalem in 457 B.C. Why: a. Ezra was a righteous man and a leader of God's people. i. He taught the word of God to bring understanding (Nehemiah 8:8)
Nehemiah: Who: a. The name Nehemiah means, "compassion of God" b. Nehemiah was a Israelite who became a Persian statesmen while in Babylon. i. Babylon had taken Israel captive and oppressed them until the Persian empire took over and the Israelites were liberated by Cyrus the Persian King (Ezra 1:1-11). c. Nehemiah was a cupbearer in the court of Artaxerxes. What: a. Nehemiah was grieved to hear of the ruin of Jerusalem Nehemiah 1:1-4 b. He prayed and confessed and asked for God's help Nehemiah 1:4-11 c. Nehemiah requested a leave and supplies to rebuild Nehemiah 2:1-8 d. Nehemiah returned to Jerusalem to rebuild Nehemiah 2:9-11 e. Nehemiah oversees the rebuilding of the wall Nehemiah 3:1-32 f. Nehemiah's work is disturbing to the neighbors Nehemiah 4:1-8 g. Nehemiah plans and defends the wall Nehemiah 4:14-23 h. Nehemiah again is challenged Nehemiah 6:1-14 i. The wall is complete in 52 days Nehemiah 6:15 Where: a. Nehemiah is first introduced back in Ezra 2:2 but the details of his work are found in the book named after him the book of Nehemiah. When: a. Nehemiah came to Jerusalem in 444 B.C. b. Nehemiah was a man of God who desired for Israel to return to God and be free to worship Him as He desired. i. He used his personal abilities to see that God's work was done, ii. He also demonstrates, for us, that God provides our needs. Why: a. Nehemiah was a leader and a builder. i. He used his political influence to make possible the return of Israel to there home of Jerusalem. ii. It was during the time of Nehemiah and Ezra that the Temple was rebuilt and the wall was rebuilt giving the remaining Israelites both protected place to live and a place to worship as God intended. Artaxerxes Who: a. The name Artaxerxes means, "Honored King" b. They were three kings who wore the name Artaxerxes the one in particular whom we are reading about in Nehemiah and Ezra is Artaxerxes I . i. He actual name was Longimanus Artaxerxes I. c. He was the King of Persia. i. Persia was the world power at the time of Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther. What: a. He first commissioned Ezra to return to the land of his fathers Ezra 7:1-9 b. He sent with Ezra a decree Ezra 7:12-26 c. He also sent Nehemiah to Jerusalem to rebuild Nehemiah 2:1-8 Where: a. We read about this kind-hearted king both in Ezra and Nehemiah. 1. He is first mentioned in Ezra 7 and he continues to be involved in the writings through Nehemiah. When: a. Longimanus Artaxerxes I reigned in Persia from 464-424 B.C. Why: a. The true God of Heaven influenced this good king to allow His people, to return from captivity to their home. i. He provided freedom and protective authority during the rebuild period of Jerusalem.
Esther: Who: a. The name Esther is her Persian name meaning, "a star" i. Her Hebrew name is Haddasah which means, "myrtle" 1. myrtle is a evergreen shrub that produces fragrant flowers. b. Esther was a Benjamite girl who married the King Ahasuerus (Xerses) of Persia. What: a. She is first introduced as and orphan being raised by her cousin Esther 2:7 b. She was brought to the King as one of many choices for Queen Est. 2:8-14 c. She was chosen and made Queen Esther 2:15-18 d. Esther becomes aware of a plot against her people Esther 4 e. Esther sets a trap from Haman Esther5:1-9 f. Esther's trap works Esther 7:1-10 g. Esther and Mordecai write a decree Esther 8:5-11 Where: a. Her record is contained within the book bearing her name—Esther. When: a. Esther was married to Ahasuerus who reigned from 486 to 465 B.C. Why: a. Esther is a wonderful example of providence. i. God was able to provide for His people through the rise of this one Benjamite girl.
Haman: Who: a. Haman was a Persian prince in the court of Ahasuerus. What: a. Rose to prominence among the princes of Persia Esther 3:1-2 b. He quickly developed a hate from Mordecai Esther 3:3-5 c. Haman plotted against Mordecai and the Jews Esther 3:5-15 d. Haman is humbled by his own greedy imagination Esther 6:6-11 e. Haman is revealed as an enemy and is hung Esther 7:1-10 Where: a. In the book of Esther. When: a. The exact time uncertain but Ezra mentions the plot vs the Jews as "early in his (Ahasuerus) reign" (Ezra 4:6) Why: a. Haman is the enemy of God who receive his due recompense. i. Seemed as if he was getting away with his plot; God knew and did not allow it to continue.
Mordecai: Who: a. Mordecai was the cousin of Esther. i. He took Esther in as his own daughter after she was orphaned. What: a. Mordecai is introduced as the cousin of Esther Esther 2:7 b. He made Esther aware of a plot against the King Esther 2:21-23 c. He was a man who was loyal to God Esther 3:2-4 d. Mordecai was given a princely position Esther 8:15-17 Where: a. In the book of Esther When: a. The exact time is uncertain but falls in the time of the reign of Ahasuerus (486 to 465 B.C.) Why: a. Like Esther, this man was used by God to provide for His people.
Ahasuerus: Who: a. King of Persia. i. The husband of Esther. What: a. Chose Esther as a Queen Esther 2:15-17 b. He issued a decree to destroy the Jews Esther 3:1-15 c. He sent out Haman to honor Mordecai Esther6:10-12 d. He has Haman killed on Haman's own gallows Esther 7:6-10 e. He issues a decree of protection for all Jews Esther 8:8-17 f. He exalted Mordecai to a high place Esther 8:15-17; 10 Where: a. Ezra 4:6 a quick mention, b. In the book of Esther c. Daniel 9:1 in a genealogy When: a. He ruled over Persia from 486 to 465 B.C. Why: a. He was a tool of Iord's providence.
Job: Who: a. The name Job means, "Where is my father?" i. Possibly a description of an orphan or an child born out of wedlock. b. Job was first described to us as, "blameless and upright, and one who feared God and shunned evil." c. He was also the richest of the people in his area d. Job lived in righteousness Job 1:1 e. Job offered sacrifices regularly Job 1:5 f. Job was chosen by God as exemplary Job 1 :8 g. Job was tempted beyond measure by Satan Job 1:13-19 h. Job reacts to the tragic events Job 1 :20-21 i. Satan fails in the first round . Job 1:22 j. Another round of temptation • Job 2:1-7 k. Satan failed this time as well Job 2:10 l. Job wishes he was never born because of the suffering Job 3 m. Job's three friends take turns speaking with Job ' Job 4-31 n. A young man takes his turn to speak Job 32-37 o. God speaks with Job Job 38-41 p. Job answers God Job 42:1-6 q. Job is restored to even greater riches Job 42:10 Where: a. This particular man named Job is found in the book that wears his name — Job. b. Also mentioned and honored for his righteousness Ezekiel 14:14, 20 c. Then in the New Testament for his perseverance James 5:11 When: a. Because of the reference to the sacrifice he offered for all of his children in Job 1 :5 we can assume that Job was active in the "Patriarchal age" — around the time of Abraham (about 2000 B.C.) Why: a. Job is an example of dedication and perseverance that is close to un-paralleled. i. He served God no matter
the cost. Satan: Who: a. The name Satan means, "Adversary" b. He is also know as, i. Abaddon and Appylon meaning destroyer (Revelation 9:11) ii. "the accuser of our brethren" (Revelation 12:10) iii. "your adversary" (1 Peter 5:8) iv. "the devil" (Thirty-one places in the New Testament from Matthew 4:11 to Revelation 12:12) v. Beelzebub (Matthew 12:24) vi. Belial (2 Corinthians 6:15) vii. "the deceiver of the whole world" (Revelation 12:9) viii. "the great dragon" (Revelation 12:9) ix. "an enemy" (Matthew 13: 28, 39) x. "the evil one" ,; (Matthew 13:19, 38) xi. "the father of lies" -. (John 8:44) xii. "the god of this world" (2 Corinthians 4:4) xiii. "a liar (John 8:44) xiv."a murderer" (John 8:44) xv. "the prince of the power of the air" (Ephesians 2:2) xvi. "the ruler of the this world" (John 12:31; 14:30; 16:11) xvii. "the ancient serpent" (Revelation 12:9) xviii. "the tempter" (Matthew 4:3; 1 Thess. 3:5) What: a. Remain focused on this single book of Job as to not take on a completely new study in the middle of this one. b. Satan had to present himself before God Job 1:6-7 c. Satan was given permission to test Job Job 1:8-12 d. Satan took away all of Job's family and possessions Job 1:13-19 e. Satan again appeared before God Job 2:1-6 f. Satan again tested Job's integrity Job 2:7 Where: a. Satan is mentioned throughout the context of scripture. b. Particular to Job you can read about his evil deeds in chapter one and two. When: a. From some time after the creation. Why: a. He is our enemy and we need to know his tactics.
Eliphaz: Who: a. He was a "friend^'' of Job. b. Apparently He a pier with Job: meaning that he, like Job, was wealthy man and a leader of men i. He was the oldest of the "friends" and therefore spoke first. What: a. Tells Job he must repent of the sin that "is causing the problems that he was facing." (Job 4) i. He said God was only chastening or directing him and that God would forgive him. (Job 5) b. In his second speech, Eliphaz is not so cheery. You can sense his displeasure in Job. (Job 15) c. His third speech, Eliphaz charges Job with the worst of sins, as well as, denying his faith. d. He does, at the end, offer Job the hope of God's mercy (Job 22) Where: a. This particular Eliphaz is only found here in the book of Job. When: a. The same time as Job which has been suggested to be around 2000 B.C. Why: a. show human error in understanding God b. We learn from God's reaction to his speeches that sin does not cause illness. |